diff --git a/server/emails/templates/index.ts b/server/emails/templates/index.ts
index 3d5a55bb7d..e5c86cfb72 100644
--- a/server/emails/templates/index.ts
+++ b/server/emails/templates/index.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { Hook, PluginManager } from "@server/utils/PluginManager";
 import { requireDirectory } from "@server/utils/fs";
 import type BaseEmail from "./BaseEmail";
 
+// eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any -- registry of heterogeneous template Props subtypes; BaseEmail<EmailProps> isn't assignable from BaseEmail<Subtype>.
 const emails: Record<string, typeof BaseEmail<any>> = {};
 
 requireDirectory<{ default: typeof BaseEmail }>(__dirname).forEach(
diff --git a/server/models/AuthenticationProvider.test.ts b/server/models/AuthenticationProvider.test.ts
index 57c0e809c3..343be6d8d9 100644
--- a/server/models/AuthenticationProvider.test.ts
+++ b/server/models/AuthenticationProvider.test.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { buildTeam } from "@server/test/factories";
-import { AuthenticationProvider } from "@server/models";
+import { AuthenticationProvider, type User } from "@server/models";
 import { createContext } from "@server/context";
 
 describe("AuthenticationProvider", () => {
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ describe("AuthenticationProvider", () => {
         enabled: true,
       });
 
-      const ctx = createContext({ user: { team } as any });
+      const ctx = createContext({ user: { team } as unknown as User });
       await expect(provider.disable(ctx)).resolves.not.toThrow();
       expect(provider.enabled).toBe(false);
     });
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ describe("AuthenticationProvider", () => {
         enabled: true,
       });
 
-      const ctx = createContext({ user: { team } as any });
+      const ctx = createContext({ user: { team } as unknown as User });
       await expect(provider1.disable(ctx)).resolves.not.toThrow();
       expect(provider1.enabled).toBe(false);
     });
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ describe("AuthenticationProvider", () => {
         enabled: true,
       });
 
-      const ctx = createContext({ user: { team } as any });
+      const ctx = createContext({ user: { team } as unknown as User });
       await expect(provider.disable(ctx)).rejects.toThrow(
         "At least one authentication provider is required"
       );
diff --git a/server/models/Collection.ts b/server/models/Collection.ts
index e91c2812a5..f4e3271a12 100644
--- a/server/models/Collection.ts
+++ b/server/models/Collection.ts
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ import {
 import isUUID from "validator/lib/isUUID";
 import type {
   CollectionSort,
+  ImportableIntegrationService,
   ProsemirrorData,
   SourceMetadata,
   NavigationNode,
@@ -510,7 +511,7 @@ class Collection extends ParanoidModel<
   importId: string | null;
 
   @BelongsTo(() => Import, "apiImportId")
-  apiImport: Import<any> | null;
+  apiImport: Import<ImportableIntegrationService> | null;
 
   @ForeignKey(() => Import)
   @Column(DataType.UUID)
diff --git a/server/models/Document.ts b/server/models/Document.ts
index eacaa28f2b..8cc46d8611 100644
--- a/server/models/Document.ts
+++ b/server/models/Document.ts
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ import {
 import { MaxLength } from "class-validator";
 import isUUID from "validator/lib/isUUID";
 import type {
+  ImportableIntegrationService,
   NavigationNode,
   ProsemirrorData,
   SourceMetadata,
@@ -609,7 +610,7 @@ class Document extends ArchivableModel<
   importId: string | null;
 
   @BelongsTo(() => Import, "apiImportId")
-  apiImport: Import<any> | null;
+  apiImport: Import<ImportableIntegrationService> | null;
 
   @ForeignKey(() => Import)
   @Column(DataType.UUID)
diff --git a/server/models/base/ArchivableModel.ts b/server/models/base/ArchivableModel.ts
index 6018a95e00..1f8a0e47e7 100644
--- a/server/models/base/ArchivableModel.ts
+++ b/server/models/base/ArchivableModel.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { AllowNull, Column, IsDate } from "sequelize-typescript";
 import ParanoidModel from "./ParanoidModel";
 
 class ArchivableModel<
+  // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any -- mirrors Model base; tightening to object resolves Attributes<M> to never inside Sequelize helpers.
   TModelAttributes extends object = any,
   TCreationAttributes extends object = TModelAttributes,
 > extends ParanoidModel<TModelAttributes, TCreationAttributes> {
diff --git a/server/models/base/IdModel.ts b/server/models/base/IdModel.ts
index 2d8e5375bf..d2f4541742 100644
--- a/server/models/base/IdModel.ts
+++ b/server/models/base/IdModel.ts
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import {
 import Model from "./Model";
 
 class IdModel<
+  // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any -- mirrors Model base; tightening to object resolves Attributes<M> to never inside Sequelize helpers.
   TModelAttributes extends object = any,
   TCreationAttributes extends object = TModelAttributes,
 > extends Model<TModelAttributes, TCreationAttributes> {
diff --git a/server/models/base/Model.ts b/server/models/base/Model.ts
index 608ab944ac..7948dd4448 100644
--- a/server/models/base/Model.ts
+++ b/server/models/base/Model.ts
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ import {
 } from "sequelize-typescript";
 import Logger from "@server/logging/Logger";
 import type { Replace, APIContext } from "@server/types";
-import { getChangsetSkipped } from "../decorators/Changeset";
+import { getChangesetSkipped } from "../decorators/Changeset";
 import { InternalError } from "@server/errors";
 
 type EventOverrideOptions = {
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ type EventOptions = EventOverrideOptions & {
 export type HookContext = APIContext["context"] & { event?: EventOptions };
 
 class Model<
+  // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any -- Sequelize's Attributes<M> resolves to never under object default; load-bearing for static helpers like saveWithCtx<M extends Model>.
   TModelAttributes extends object = any,
   TCreationAttributes extends object = TModelAttributes,
 > extends SequelizeModel<TModelAttributes, TCreationAttributes> {
@@ -392,7 +393,7 @@ class Model<
 
     const virtualFields = (this.constructor as typeof Model).virtualFields;
     const blobFields = (this.constructor as typeof Model).blobFields;
-    const skippedFields = getChangsetSkipped(this);
+    const skippedFields = getChangesetSkipped(this);
 
     for (const change of changes) {
       const previous = this.previous(change);
diff --git a/server/models/base/ParanoidModel.ts b/server/models/base/ParanoidModel.ts
index 0f84e23779..2bdb4746e0 100644
--- a/server/models/base/ParanoidModel.ts
+++ b/server/models/base/ParanoidModel.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { DeletedAt } from "sequelize-typescript";
 import IdModel from "./IdModel";
 
 class ParanoidModel<
+  // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any -- mirrors Model base; tightening to object resolves Attributes<M> to never inside Sequelize helpers.
   TModelAttributes extends object = any,
   TCreationAttributes extends object = TModelAttributes,
 > extends IdModel<TModelAttributes, TCreationAttributes> {
diff --git a/server/models/decorators/Changeset.ts b/server/models/decorators/Changeset.ts
index 0764b4a488..b10b841583 100644
--- a/server/models/decorators/Changeset.ts
+++ b/server/models/decorators/Changeset.ts
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ const key = Symbol("skipChangeset");
 /**
  * This decorator is used to annotate a property as being skipped from being included in a changeset.
  */
-export function SkipChangeset(target: any, propertyKey: string) {
+export function SkipChangeset(target: object, propertyKey: string) {
   const properties: string[] = Reflect.getMetadata(key, target);
 
   if (!properties) {
@@ -18,6 +18,6 @@ export function SkipChangeset(target: any, propertyKey: string) {
 /**
  * This function is used to get the properties that should be skipped from a changeset.
  */
-export function getChangsetSkipped(target: any): string[] {
+export function getChangesetSkipped(target: object): string[] {
   return Reflect.getMetadata(key, target) || [];
 }
diff --git a/server/models/decorators/CounterCache.ts b/server/models/decorators/CounterCache.ts
index dda4129e15..825d0bf9a0 100644
--- a/server/models/decorators/CounterCache.ts
+++ b/server/models/decorators/CounterCache.ts
@@ -78,6 +78,7 @@ export function CounterCache<
             });
         });
       },
+      // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any -- TS rejects PropertyDescriptor as legacy decorator return type; descriptor is consumed by Sequelize at runtime.
     } as any;
   };
 }
diff --git a/server/models/decorators/Encrypted.ts b/server/models/decorators/Encrypted.ts
index b89c3cfec1..8bbffcf5a3 100644
--- a/server/models/decorators/Encrypted.ts
+++ b/server/models/decorators/Encrypted.ts
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ const key = "sequelize:vault";
  * so that it can be used by getters and setters. Must be accompanied by a
  * @Column(DataType.BLOB) annotation.
  */
-export default function Encrypted(target: any, propertyKey: string) {
+export default function Encrypted(target: object, propertyKey: string) {
   // Ensure that the Encrypted decorator is the first decorator applied to the property, we can check
   // this by looking at the attributes of the target and checking if the propertyKey is already defined.
   if (getAttributes(target)[propertyKey]) {
@@ -71,5 +71,6 @@ export default function Encrypted(target: any, propertyKey: string) {
         throw err;
       }
     },
+    // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any -- TS rejects PropertyDescriptor return for legacy decorator; descriptor is consumed by Sequelize at runtime.
   } as any;
 }
diff --git a/server/models/decorators/Fix.ts b/server/models/decorators/Fix.ts
index 8a96529ce3..d2bf73d749 100644
--- a/server/models/decorators/Fix.ts
+++ b/server/models/decorators/Fix.ts
@@ -6,8 +6,10 @@
  * @param target model class
  */
 
+// eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any -- decorator extends a Sequelize Model class with dynamic statics (rawAttributes, associations) that defy precise typing.
 export default function Fix(target: any): void {
   return class extends target {
+    // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any -- mixin constructor must accept arbitrary Sequelize Model args.
     constructor(...args: any[]) {
       // suppresses warning from here which is not applicable in our typescript
       // environment: https://github.com/sequelize/sequelize/blob/00ced18c2cb2a8b99ae0ebf5669c124abb4c673d/src/model.js#L99
@@ -63,5 +65,6 @@ export default function Fix(target: any): void {
         });
       });
     }
+    // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any -- mixin class returned in place of original target; consumer expects original class shape.
   } as any;
 }
diff --git a/server/models/validators/IsFQDN.ts b/server/models/validators/IsFQDN.ts
index 4bbe7a2e3d..ea4c59eb47 100644
--- a/server/models/validators/IsFQDN.ts
+++ b/server/models/validators/IsFQDN.ts
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import { addAttributeOptions } from "sequelize-typescript";
 /**
  * A decorator that validates that a string is a fully qualified domain name.
  */
-export default function IsFQDN(target: any, propertyName: string) {
+export default function IsFQDN(target: object, propertyName: string) {
   return addAttributeOptions(target, propertyName, {
     validate: {
       validDomain(value: string) {
diff --git a/server/models/validators/IsHexColor.ts b/server/models/validators/IsHexColor.ts
index 0a2b2eb58e..320ef0e617 100644
--- a/server/models/validators/IsHexColor.ts
+++ b/server/models/validators/IsHexColor.ts
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import { addAttributeOptions } from "sequelize-typescript";
 /**
  * A decorator that validates that a string is a valid hex color code.
  */
-export default function IsHexColor(target: any, propertyName: string) {
+export default function IsHexColor(target: object, propertyName: string) {
   return addAttributeOptions(target, propertyName, {
     validate: {
       validDomain(value: string) {
diff --git a/server/models/validators/IsUrlOrRelativePath.ts b/server/models/validators/IsUrlOrRelativePath.ts
index 8cec74aef2..19703b1fd6 100644
--- a/server/models/validators/IsUrlOrRelativePath.ts
+++ b/server/models/validators/IsUrlOrRelativePath.ts
@@ -4,7 +4,10 @@ import { addAttributeOptions } from "sequelize-typescript";
 /**
  * A decorator that validates that a string is a url or relative path.
  */
-export default function IsUrlOrRelativePath(target: any, propertyName: string) {
+export default function IsUrlOrRelativePath(
+  target: object,
+  propertyName: string
+) {
   return addAttributeOptions(target, propertyName, {
     validate: {
       validUrlOrPath(value: string) {
diff --git a/server/models/validators/Length.ts b/server/models/validators/Length.ts
index 572fcd7a0d..19d9e7911d 100644
--- a/server/models/validators/Length.ts
+++ b/server/models/validators/Length.ts
@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@ export default function Length({
   msg?: string;
   min?: number;
   max: number;
-}): (target: any, propertyName: string) => void {
-  return (target: any, propertyName: string) =>
+}): (target: object, propertyName: string) => void {
+  return (target: object, propertyName: string) =>
     addAttributeOptions(target, propertyName, {
       validate: {
         validLength(value: string) {
diff --git a/server/models/validators/NotContainsUrl.ts b/server/models/validators/NotContainsUrl.ts
index fffbd0a8df..7b485b7a03 100644
--- a/server/models/validators/NotContainsUrl.ts
+++ b/server/models/validators/NotContainsUrl.ts
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import { addAttributeOptions } from "sequelize-typescript";
  * A decorator that validates that a string does not include something that
  * looks like a URL.
  */
-export default function NotContainsUrl(target: any, propertyName: string) {
+export default function NotContainsUrl(target: object, propertyName: string) {
   return addAttributeOptions(target, propertyName, {
     validate: {
       not: {
diff --git a/server/models/validators/TextLength.ts b/server/models/validators/TextLength.ts
index fe39c45d89..83374ee0e3 100644
--- a/server/models/validators/TextLength.ts
+++ b/server/models/validators/TextLength.ts
@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@ export default function TextLength({
   msg?: string;
   min?: number;
   max: number;
-}): (target: any, propertyName: string) => void {
-  return (target: any, propertyName: string) =>
+}): (target: object, propertyName: string) => void {
+  return (target: object, propertyName: string) =>
     addAttributeOptions(target, propertyName, {
       validate: {
         validLength(value: ProsemirrorData) {
diff --git a/server/onerror.test.ts b/server/onerror.test.ts
index 7c9bd43dcf..e1833c3467 100644
--- a/server/onerror.test.ts
+++ b/server/onerror.test.ts
@@ -8,15 +8,32 @@ jest.mock("@server/logging/sentry", () => ({
   requestErrorHandler: jest.fn(),
 }));
 
+type MockCtx = {
+  headers: Record<string, string>;
+  headerSent: boolean;
+  writable: boolean;
+  accepts: jest.Mock;
+  set: jest.Mock;
+  res: { end: jest.Mock };
+  status: number | undefined;
+  type: string | undefined;
+  body: unknown;
+};
+
+type ReportableError = Error & {
+  status?: number;
+  isReportable?: boolean;
+};
+
 describe("onerror", () => {
   let app: Koa;
-  let ctx: any;
+  let ctx: MockCtx;
 
   beforeEach(() => {
     // Create a mock Koa app
     app = {
       context: {},
-    } as any;
+    } as unknown as Koa;
 
     // Apply the onerror middleware
     onerror(app);
@@ -68,7 +85,7 @@ describe("onerror", () => {
   });
 
   it("should report unknown errors without isReportable property to Sentry", () => {
-    const error = new Error("Unknown error") as any;
+    const error = new Error("Unknown error") as ReportableError;
     error.status = 500;
 
     app.context.onerror.call(ctx, error);
@@ -77,7 +94,7 @@ describe("onerror", () => {
   });
 
   it("should report errors with invalid status codes to Sentry", () => {
-    const error = new Error("Invalid status error") as any;
+    const error = new Error("Invalid status error") as ReportableError;
     error.status = 999;
 
     app.context.onerror.call(ctx, error);
@@ -86,7 +103,7 @@ describe("onerror", () => {
   });
 
   it("should not report errors explicitly marked with isReportable: false", () => {
-    const error = new Error("Custom error") as any;
+    const error = new Error("Custom error") as ReportableError;
     error.status = 500;
     error.isReportable = false;
 
@@ -96,7 +113,7 @@ describe("onerror", () => {
   });
 
   it("should report errors explicitly marked with isReportable: true", () => {
-    const error = new Error("Custom error") as any;
+    const error = new Error("Custom error") as ReportableError;
     error.status = 400;
     error.isReportable = true;
 
diff --git a/server/presenters/collection.ts b/server/presenters/collection.ts
index d49838c882..397ab52c97 100644
--- a/server/presenters/collection.ts
+++ b/server/presenters/collection.ts
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ export default async function presentCollection(
 ) {
   const asData = !ctx || Number(ctx?.headers["x-api-version"] ?? 0) >= 3;
 
-  const res: Record<string, any> = {
+  const res: Record<string, unknown> = {
     id: collection.id,
     url: collection.path,
     urlId: collection.urlId,
diff --git a/server/presenters/unfurl.ts b/server/presenters/unfurl.ts
index 1e8b81a002..caa88daebd 100644
--- a/server/presenters/unfurl.ts
+++ b/server/presenters/unfurl.ts
@@ -7,8 +7,11 @@ import type { Document, User, Group } from "@server/models";
 import { View } from "@server/models";
 import { opts } from "@server/utils/i18n";
 
+// eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any -- heterogeneous payload from internal callers and third-party unfurl plugins.
+type UnfurlData = Record<string, any>;
+
 async function presentUnfurl(
-  data: Record<string, any>,
+  data: UnfurlData,
   options?: { includeEmail: boolean }
 ) {
   switch (data.type) {
@@ -30,7 +33,7 @@ async function presentUnfurl(
 }
 
 const presentURL = (
-  data: Record<string, any>
+  data: UnfurlData
 ): UnfurlResponse[UnfurlResourceType.URL] => {
   // TODO: For backwards compatibility, remove once cache has expired in next release.
   if (data.transformedUnfurl) {
@@ -49,7 +52,7 @@ const presentURL = (
 };
 
 const presentMention = async (
-  data: Record<string, any>,
+  data: UnfurlData,
   options?: { includeEmail: boolean }
 ): Promise<UnfurlResponse[UnfurlResourceType.Mention]> => {
   const user: User = data.user;
@@ -69,7 +72,7 @@ const presentMention = async (
 };
 
 const presentGroup = async (
-  data: Record<string, any>
+  data: UnfurlData
 ): Promise<UnfurlResponse[UnfurlResourceType.Group]> => {
   const group: Group = data.group;
   const memberCount = await group.memberCount;
@@ -89,7 +92,7 @@ const presentGroup = async (
 };
 
 const presentDocument = (
-  data: Record<string, any>
+  data: UnfurlData
 ): UnfurlResponse[UnfurlResourceType.Document] => {
   const document: Document = data.document;
   const viewer: User | undefined = data.viewer;
@@ -106,18 +109,16 @@ const presentDocument = (
   };
 };
 
-const presentPR = (
-  data: Record<string, any>
-): UnfurlResponse[UnfurlResourceType.PR] =>
+const presentPR = (data: UnfurlData): UnfurlResponse[UnfurlResourceType.PR] =>
   data as UnfurlResponse[UnfurlResourceType.PR]; // this would have been transformed by the unfurl plugin.
 
 const presentIssue = (
-  data: Record<string, any>
+  data: UnfurlData
 ): UnfurlResponse[UnfurlResourceType.Issue] =>
   data as UnfurlResponse[UnfurlResourceType.Issue]; // this would have been transformed by the unfurl plugin.
 
 const presentProject = (
-  data: Record<string, any>
+  data: UnfurlData
 ): UnfurlResponse[UnfurlResourceType.Project] =>
   data as UnfurlResponse[UnfurlResourceType.Project]; // this would have been transformed by the unfurl plugin.
 
diff --git a/server/queues/processors/SearchIndexProcessor.test.ts b/server/queues/processors/SearchIndexProcessor.test.ts
index 5128a0851b..0bd114adc5 100644
--- a/server/queues/processors/SearchIndexProcessor.test.ts
+++ b/server/queues/processors/SearchIndexProcessor.test.ts
@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ import {
 import SearchProviderManager from "@server/utils/SearchProviderManager";
 import SearchIndexProcessor from "./SearchIndexProcessor";
 
+type PerformArg = Parameters<SearchIndexProcessor["perform"]>[0];
+
 const processor = new SearchIndexProcessor();
 
 describe("SearchIndexProcessor", () => {
@@ -48,7 +50,7 @@ describe("SearchIndexProcessor", () => {
       collectionId: collection.id,
       teamId: user.teamId,
       actorId: user.id,
-    } as any);
+    } as PerformArg);
 
     expect(indexSpy).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
       SearchableModel.Document,
@@ -69,7 +71,7 @@ describe("SearchIndexProcessor", () => {
       collectionId: "some-collection-id",
       teamId: user.teamId,
       actorId: user.id,
-    } as any);
+    } as PerformArg);
 
     expect(removeSpy).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
       SearchableModel.Document,
diff --git a/server/queues/tasks/base/BaseTask.ts b/server/queues/tasks/base/BaseTask.ts
index 270ac575c1..cd90488271 100644
--- a/server/queues/tasks/base/BaseTask.ts
+++ b/server/queues/tasks/base/BaseTask.ts
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ export enum TaskPriority {
   High = 10,
 }
 
-export abstract class BaseTask<T extends Record<string, any>> {
+export abstract class BaseTask<T extends object> {
   /**
    * Schedule this task type to be processed asynchronously by a worker.
    *
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ export abstract class BaseTask<T extends Record<string, any>> {
    * @param props Properties to be used by the task
    * @returns A promise that resolves once the task has completed.
    */
-  public abstract perform(props: T): Promise<any>;
+  public abstract perform(props: T): Promise<unknown>;
 
   /**
    * Handle failure when all attempts are exhausted for the task.
diff --git a/server/routes/api/auth/auth.test.ts b/server/routes/api/auth/auth.test.ts
index 0b5c488a17..f0cf2a1fb4 100644
--- a/server/routes/api/auth/auth.test.ts
+++ b/server/routes/api/auth/auth.test.ts
@@ -35,7 +35,9 @@ describe("#auth.info", () => {
     const body = await res.json();
     expect(res.status).toEqual(200);
 
-    const availableTeamIds = body.data.availableTeams.map((t: any) => t.id);
+    const availableTeamIds = body.data.availableTeams.map(
+      (t: { id: string }) => t.id
+    );
 
     expect(availableTeamIds.length).toEqual(3);
     expect(availableTeamIds).toContain(team.id);
diff --git a/server/routes/api/documents/documents.test.ts b/server/routes/api/documents/documents.test.ts
index 1876d1057b..9f2b5a6b93 100644
--- a/server/routes/api/documents/documents.test.ts
+++ b/server/routes/api/documents/documents.test.ts
@@ -834,7 +834,7 @@ describe("#documents.list", () => {
     const body = await res.json();
     expect(res.status).toEqual(200);
     expect(body.data).toHaveLength(2);
-    const docIds = body.data.map((doc: any) => doc.id);
+    const docIds = body.data.map((doc: { id: string }) => doc.id);
     expect(docIds).toContain(docs[0].id);
     expect(docIds).toContain(docs[1].id);
     expect(docIds).not.toContain(docs[2].id);
@@ -2033,7 +2033,9 @@ describe("#documents.search", () => {
     const body = await res.json();
     expect(res.status).toEqual(200);
     expect(body.data).toHaveLength(2);
-    const returnedIds = body.data.map((d: any) => d.document.id).sort();
+    const returnedIds = body.data
+      .map((d: { document: { id: string } }) => d.document.id)
+      .sort();
     const expectedIds = docsInCollection1.map((d) => d.id).sort();
     expect(returnedIds).toEqual(expectedIds);
   });
@@ -3218,7 +3220,7 @@ describe("#documents.restore", () => {
         revisionId,
       },
       headers: {
-        "x-api-version": 3,
+        "x-api-version": "3",
       },
     });
     const body = await res.json();
@@ -3333,10 +3335,12 @@ describe("#documents.import", () => {
       collectionId: collection.id,
     });
 
-    jest.spyOn(FileStorage, "store").mockResolvedValue(undefined as any);
+    jest
+      .spyOn(FileStorage, "store")
+      .mockResolvedValue(undefined as unknown as string);
     jest.spyOn(DocumentImportTask.prototype, "schedule").mockResolvedValue({
       finished: jest.fn().mockResolvedValue({ documentId: document.id }),
-    } as any);
+    } as unknown as Awaited<ReturnType<DocumentImportTask["schedule"]>>);
 
     const content = await readFile(
       path.resolve(
@@ -5765,7 +5769,7 @@ describe("#documents.documents", () => {
 
     expect(res.status).toBe(200);
     expect(body.data.id).toBe(parent.id);
-    const childIds = body.data.children.map((node: any) => node.id);
+    const childIds = body.data.children.map((node: { id: string }) => node.id);
     expect(childIds).toContain(child1.id);
     expect(childIds).toContain(child2.id);
   });
diff --git a/server/routes/api/events/events.test.ts b/server/routes/api/events/events.test.ts
index 6a6071c05e..82435d6890 100644
--- a/server/routes/api/events/events.test.ts
+++ b/server/routes/api/events/events.test.ts
@@ -472,7 +472,7 @@ describe("#events.list", () => {
     expect(res.status).toEqual(200);
 
     // admin SHOULD see events for documents without a collection
-    const eventIds = body.data.map((e: any) => e.id);
+    const eventIds = body.data.map((e: { id: string }) => e.id);
     expect(eventIds).toContain(draftEvent.id);
   });
 
diff --git a/server/routes/api/groups/groups.test.ts b/server/routes/api/groups/groups.test.ts
index 0b36d763a8..f462a9db43 100644
--- a/server/routes/api/groups/groups.test.ts
+++ b/server/routes/api/groups/groups.test.ts
@@ -293,11 +293,13 @@ describe("#groups.list", () => {
     expect(body.data.groupMemberships[0].groupId).toEqual(group.id);
     expect(body.data.groupMemberships[1].groupId).toEqual(group.id);
     expect(
-      body.data.groupMemberships.map((u: any) => u.user.id).includes(user.id)
+      body.data.groupMemberships
+        .map((u: { user: { id: string } }) => u.user.id)
+        .includes(user.id)
     ).toBe(true);
     expect(
       body.data.groupMemberships
-        .map((u: any) => u.user.id)
+        .map((u: { user: { id: string } }) => u.user.id)
         .includes(anotherUser.id)
     ).toBe(true);
     expect(body.policies.length).toEqual(2);
@@ -317,11 +319,13 @@ describe("#groups.list", () => {
     expect(anotherBody.data.groupMemberships[0].groupId).toEqual(group.id);
     expect(anotherBody.data.groupMemberships[1].groupId).toEqual(group.id);
     expect(
-      body.data.groupMemberships.map((u: any) => u.user.id).includes(user.id)
+      anotherBody.data.groupMemberships
+        .map((u: { user: { id: string } }) => u.user.id)
+        .includes(user.id)
     ).toBe(true);
     expect(
-      body.data.groupMemberships
-        .map((u: any) => u.user.id)
+      anotherBody.data.groupMemberships
+        .map((u: { user: { id: string } }) => u.user.id)
         .includes(anotherUser.id)
     ).toBe(true);
   });
diff --git a/server/routes/api/notifications/notifications.test.ts b/server/routes/api/notifications/notifications.test.ts
index e9e6ee4c46..345199cdf3 100644
--- a/server/routes/api/notifications/notifications.test.ts
+++ b/server/routes/api/notifications/notifications.test.ts
@@ -12,6 +12,12 @@ import {
 } from "@server/test/factories";
 import { getTestServer } from "@server/test/support";
 
+type NotificationItem = {
+  actor: { id: string };
+  userId: string;
+  event: NotificationEventType;
+};
+
 const server = getTestServer();
 
 describe("#notifications.list", () => {
@@ -69,13 +75,15 @@ describe("#notifications.list", () => {
     expect(body.data.notifications.length).toBe(3);
     expect(body.pagination.total).toBe(3);
     expect(body.data.unseen).toBe(2);
-    expect((randomElement(body.data.notifications) as any).actor.id).toBe(
-      actor.id
+    expect(
+      randomElement<NotificationItem>(body.data.notifications).actor.id
+    ).toBe(actor.id);
+    expect(
+      randomElement<NotificationItem>(body.data.notifications).userId
+    ).toBe(user.id);
+    const events = body.data.notifications.map(
+      (n: NotificationItem) => n.event
     );
-    expect((randomElement(body.data.notifications) as any).userId).toBe(
-      user.id
-    );
-    const events = body.data.notifications.map((n: any) => n.event);
     expect(events).toContain(NotificationEventType.UpdateDocument);
     expect(events).toContain(NotificationEventType.CreateComment);
     expect(events).toContain(NotificationEventType.MentionedInComment);
@@ -134,13 +142,15 @@ describe("#notifications.list", () => {
     expect(body.data.notifications.length).toBe(1);
     expect(body.pagination.total).toBe(1);
     expect(body.data.unseen).toBe(1);
-    expect((randomElement(body.data.notifications) as any).actor.id).toBe(
-      actor.id
+    expect(
+      randomElement<NotificationItem>(body.data.notifications).actor.id
+    ).toBe(actor.id);
+    expect(
+      randomElement<NotificationItem>(body.data.notifications).userId
+    ).toBe(user.id);
+    const events = body.data.notifications.map(
+      (n: NotificationItem) => n.event
     );
-    expect((randomElement(body.data.notifications) as any).userId).toBe(
-      user.id
-    );
-    const events = body.data.notifications.map((n: any) => n.event);
     expect(events).toContain(NotificationEventType.MentionedInComment);
   });
 
@@ -199,13 +209,15 @@ describe("#notifications.list", () => {
     expect(body.data.notifications.length).toBe(2);
     expect(body.pagination.total).toBe(2);
     expect(body.data.unseen).toBe(2);
-    expect((randomElement(body.data.notifications) as any).actor.id).toBe(
-      actor.id
+    expect(
+      randomElement<NotificationItem>(body.data.notifications).actor.id
+    ).toBe(actor.id);
+    expect(
+      randomElement<NotificationItem>(body.data.notifications).userId
+    ).toBe(user.id);
+    const events = body.data.notifications.map(
+      (n: NotificationItem) => n.event
     );
-    expect((randomElement(body.data.notifications) as any).userId).toBe(
-      user.id
-    );
-    const events = body.data.notifications.map((n: any) => n.event);
     expect(events).toContain(NotificationEventType.CreateComment);
     expect(events).toContain(NotificationEventType.UpdateDocument);
   });
@@ -265,13 +277,15 @@ describe("#notifications.list", () => {
     expect(body.data.notifications.length).toBe(1);
     expect(body.pagination.total).toBe(1);
     expect(body.data.unseen).toBe(1);
-    expect((randomElement(body.data.notifications) as any).actor.id).toBe(
-      actor.id
+    expect(
+      randomElement<NotificationItem>(body.data.notifications).actor.id
+    ).toBe(actor.id);
+    expect(
+      randomElement<NotificationItem>(body.data.notifications).userId
+    ).toBe(user.id);
+    const events = body.data.notifications.map(
+      (n: NotificationItem) => n.event
     );
-    expect((randomElement(body.data.notifications) as any).userId).toBe(
-      user.id
-    );
-    const events = body.data.notifications.map((n: any) => n.event);
     expect(events).toContain(NotificationEventType.MentionedInComment);
   });
 });
diff --git a/server/routes/api/pins/pins.test.ts b/server/routes/api/pins/pins.test.ts
index cb48f4fd47..94ef783af0 100644
--- a/server/routes/api/pins/pins.test.ts
+++ b/server/routes/api/pins/pins.test.ts
@@ -302,10 +302,10 @@ describe("#pins.list", () => {
     expect(body.data).toBeTruthy();
     expect(body.data.pins).toBeTruthy();
     expect(body.data.pins).toHaveLength(2);
-    const pinIds = body.data.pins.map((p: any) => p.id);
+    const pinIds = body.data.pins.map((p: { id: string }) => p.id);
     expect(pinIds).toContain(pins[0].id);
     expect(pinIds).toContain(pins[1].id);
-    const docIds = body.data.documents.map((d: any) => d.id);
+    const docIds = body.data.documents.map((d: { id: string }) => d.id);
     expect(docIds).toContain(docs[0].id);
     expect(docIds).toContain(docs[1].id);
   });
diff --git a/server/routes/api/relationships/relationships.test.ts b/server/routes/api/relationships/relationships.test.ts
index 79018917b0..a1207e703f 100644
--- a/server/routes/api/relationships/relationships.test.ts
+++ b/server/routes/api/relationships/relationships.test.ts
@@ -155,7 +155,9 @@ describe("#relationships.info", () => {
     expect(body.data.relationship).toBeTruthy();
     expect(body.data.documents).toHaveLength(2);
     // User can read their own document but admin document should also be included
-    const documentIds = body.data.documents.map((doc: any) => doc.id);
+    const documentIds = body.data.documents.map(
+      (doc: { id: string }) => doc.id
+    );
     expect(documentIds).toContain(userDocument.id);
   });
 
@@ -172,7 +174,9 @@ describe("#relationships.info", () => {
     const body = await res.json();
     expect(res.status).toEqual(200);
     expect(body.data.documents).toHaveLength(2);
-    const documentIds = body.data.documents.map((doc: any) => doc.id);
+    const documentIds = body.data.documents.map(
+      (doc: { id: string }) => doc.id
+    );
     expect(documentIds).toContain(document.id);
     expect(documentIds).toContain(reverseDocument.id);
   });
@@ -267,7 +271,7 @@ describe("#relationships.list", () => {
     expect(body.data.relationships).toBeTruthy();
 
     // All returned relationships should be backlinks
-    body.data.relationships.forEach((rel: any) => {
+    body.data.relationships.forEach((rel: { type: RelationshipType }) => {
       expect(rel.type).toEqual(RelationshipType.Backlink);
     });
   });
@@ -285,7 +289,7 @@ describe("#relationships.list", () => {
     expect(body.data.relationships).toBeTruthy();
 
     // All returned relationships should have the specified documentId
-    body.data.relationships.forEach((rel: any) => {
+    body.data.relationships.forEach((rel: { documentId: string }) => {
       expect(rel.documentId).toEqual(documents[0].id);
     });
   });
@@ -303,7 +307,7 @@ describe("#relationships.list", () => {
     expect(body.data.relationships).toBeTruthy();
 
     // All returned relationships should have the specified reverseDocumentId
-    body.data.relationships.forEach((rel: any) => {
+    body.data.relationships.forEach((rel: { reverseDocumentId: string }) => {
       expect(rel.reverseDocumentId).toEqual(documents[1].id);
     });
   });
@@ -322,10 +326,12 @@ describe("#relationships.list", () => {
     expect(body.data.relationships).toBeTruthy();
 
     // All returned relationships should match both filters
-    body.data.relationships.forEach((rel: any) => {
-      expect(rel.type).toEqual(RelationshipType.Backlink);
-      expect(rel.documentId).toEqual(documents[0].id);
-    });
+    body.data.relationships.forEach(
+      (rel: { type: RelationshipType; documentId: string }) => {
+        expect(rel.type).toEqual(RelationshipType.Backlink);
+        expect(rel.documentId).toEqual(documents[0].id);
+      }
+    );
   });
 
   it("should fail with status 400 bad request when documentId is invalid", async () => {
diff --git a/server/routes/api/searches/searches.test.ts b/server/routes/api/searches/searches.test.ts
index 4532160a29..38a24484d1 100644
--- a/server/routes/api/searches/searches.test.ts
+++ b/server/routes/api/searches/searches.test.ts
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ describe("#searches.list", () => {
     const body = await res.json();
     expect(res.status).toEqual(200);
     expect(body.data).toHaveLength(3);
-    const queries = body.data.map((d: any) => d.query);
+    const queries = body.data.map((d: { query: string }) => d.query);
     expect(queries).toContain("query");
     expect(queries).toContain("foo");
     expect(queries).toContain("bar");
diff --git a/server/test/TestServer.ts b/server/test/TestServer.ts
index 55445ffb87..68072b77d7 100644
--- a/server/test/TestServer.ts
+++ b/server/test/TestServer.ts
@@ -3,13 +3,20 @@ import type { AddressInfo } from "node:net";
 import type Koa from "koa";
 // oxlint-disable-next-line no-restricted-imports
 import nodeFetch from "node-fetch";
+// oxlint-disable-next-line no-restricted-imports
+import type { RequestInit } from "node-fetch";
+
+type TestRequestOptions = Omit<RequestInit, "body" | "headers"> & {
+  body?: unknown;
+  headers?: Record<string, string>;
+};
 
 class TestServer {
   private server: http.Server;
   private listener?: Promise<void> | null;
 
   constructor(app: Koa) {
-    this.server = http.createServer(app.callback() as any);
+    this.server = http.createServer(app.callback() as http.RequestListener);
   }
 
   get address(): string {
@@ -29,19 +36,23 @@ class TestServer {
     return this.listener;
   }
 
-  fetch(path: string, opts: any) {
+  fetch(path: string, opts: TestRequestOptions) {
     return this.listen().then(() => {
       const url = `${this.address}${path}`;
-      const options = Object.assign({ headers: {} }, opts);
-      const contentType =
-        options.headers["Content-Type"] ?? options.headers["content-type"];
+      const headers: Record<string, string> = { ...opts.headers };
+      let body = opts.body;
+      const contentType = headers["Content-Type"] ?? headers["content-type"];
       // automatic JSON encoding
-      if (!contentType && typeof options.body === "object") {
-        options.headers["Content-Type"] = "application/json";
-        options.body = JSON.stringify(options.body);
+      if (!contentType && typeof body === "object" && body !== null) {
+        headers["Content-Type"] = "application/json";
+        body = JSON.stringify(body);
       }
 
-      return nodeFetch(url, options);
+      return nodeFetch(url, {
+        ...opts,
+        headers,
+        body: body as string | undefined,
+      });
     });
   }
 
@@ -51,31 +62,31 @@ class TestServer {
     this.server.close();
   }
 
-  delete(path: string, options?: any) {
+  delete(path: string, options?: TestRequestOptions) {
     return this.fetch(path, { ...options, method: "DELETE" });
   }
 
-  get(path: string, options?: any) {
+  get(path: string, options?: TestRequestOptions) {
     return this.fetch(path, { ...options, method: "GET" });
   }
 
-  head(path: string, options?: any) {
+  head(path: string, options?: TestRequestOptions) {
     return this.fetch(path, { ...options, method: "HEAD" });
   }
 
-  options(path: string, options?: any) {
+  options(path: string, options?: TestRequestOptions) {
     return this.fetch(path, { ...options, method: "OPTIONS" });
   }
 
-  patch(path: string, options?: any) {
+  patch(path: string, options?: TestRequestOptions) {
     return this.fetch(path, { ...options, method: "PATCH" });
   }
 
-  post(path: string, options?: any) {
+  post(path: string, options?: TestRequestOptions) {
     return this.fetch(path, { ...options, method: "POST" });
   }
 
-  put(path: string, options?: any) {
+  put(path: string, options?: TestRequestOptions) {
     return this.fetch(path, { ...options, method: "PUT" });
   }
 }
diff --git a/server/utils/PluginManager.ts b/server/utils/PluginManager.ts
index b39de18478..d9091d328f 100644
--- a/server/utils/PluginManager.ts
+++ b/server/utils/PluginManager.ts
@@ -44,11 +44,12 @@ export enum Hook {
 type PluginValueMap = {
   [Hook.API]: Router;
   [Hook.AuthProvider]: { router: Router | Promise<Router>; id: string };
+  // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any -- typeof BaseEmail<EmailProps> isn't assignable from BaseEmail<Subtype>; plugins register heterogeneous template Props.
   [Hook.EmailTemplate]: typeof BaseEmail<any>;
   [Hook.IssueProvider]: BaseIssueProvider;
   [Hook.Processor]: typeof BaseProcessor;
   [Hook.SearchProvider]: BaseSearchProvider;
-  [Hook.Task]: typeof BaseTask<any>;
+  [Hook.Task]: typeof BaseTask<object>;
   [Hook.Uninstall]: UninstallSignature;
   [Hook.UnfurlProvider]: { unfurl: UnfurlSignature; cacheExpiry: number };
   [Hook.GroupSyncProvider]: { id: string; provider: GroupSyncProvider };
diff --git a/server/utils/decorators/Public.ts b/server/utils/decorators/Public.ts
index 10db2b3844..3f61f59719 100644
--- a/server/utils/decorators/Public.ts
+++ b/server/utils/decorators/Public.ts
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ const key = Symbol("env:public");
 /**
  * This decorator on an environment variable makes that variable available client-side
  */
-export function Public(target: any, propertyKey: string) {
+export function Public(target: object, propertyKey: string) {
   const publicVars: string[] = Reflect.getMetadata(key, target);
 
   if (!publicVars) {
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ export function Public(target: any, propertyKey: string) {
 }
 
 export class PublicEnvironmentRegister {
+  // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any -- consumed at runtime as a flat map of typed Environment values; tightening to unknown breaks call sites.
   private static publicEnv: Record<string, any> = {};
 
   static registerEnv(env: Environment) {
diff --git a/server/utils/validators.test.ts b/server/utils/validators.test.ts
index 77112ca758..841cb0f5b7 100644
--- a/server/utils/validators.test.ts
+++ b/server/utils/validators.test.ts
@@ -135,11 +135,15 @@ describe("isDatabaseUrl", () => {
     });
 
     it("should reject null", () => {
-      expect(isDatabaseUrl(null as any, defaultOptions)).toBe(false);
+      expect(isDatabaseUrl(null as unknown as string, defaultOptions)).toBe(
+        false
+      );
     });
 
     it("should reject undefined", () => {
-      expect(isDatabaseUrl(undefined as any, defaultOptions)).toBe(false);
+      expect(
+        isDatabaseUrl(undefined as unknown as string, defaultOptions)
+      ).toBe(false);
     });
 
     it("should reject URL with invalid protocol", () => {
@@ -279,9 +283,7 @@ describe("isMailboxAddress", () => {
     });
 
     it("should accept a mailbox format with quoted display name containing a comma", () => {
-      expect(
-        isMailboxAddress('"Company, Inc." <user@example.com>')
-      ).toBe(true);
+      expect(isMailboxAddress('"Company, Inc." <user@example.com>')).toBe(true);
     });
 
     it("should accept a mailbox format with a quoted display name", () => {